Words recalled from a 72-word list, before and after 40 days of 30-minute method-of-loci sessions, by adults with no prior memory training. Four months later, with no further practice, they still recalled substantially more.
¹ Dresler, M. et al. (2017). Mnemonic training reshapes brain networks to support superior memory. Neuron, 93(5), 1227–1235.
² Custers, E.J.F.M. (2010). Long-term retention of basic science knowledge: a review study. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 15(1), 109–128.
³ Gardner Institute (2018). Digging Into the Disciplines: The Impact of Gateway Courses in Accounting, Calculus, and Chemistry on Student Success. Chemistry DFWI rate 49.2% among students who left vs 25.9% among those retained.
⁴ Bastani, H. et al. (2025). Generative AI without guardrails can harm learning: Evidence from high school mathematics. PNAS, 122(26). Randomized trial, ~1,000 students.
⁵ Lee, H.-P. et al. (2025). The Impact of Generative AI on Critical Thinking. CHI 2025, Microsoft Research & Carnegie Mellon; survey of 319 knowledge workers.